Pneumatic surfacing-machine.



G. L. BADGER.

PNEUMATIC SURFAOING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. e, 1907.

Patented Nov. 16, 1909.

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G. L. BADGER. PNEUMATIC SURFAOING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 8, 1907. 940,297. Patented Nov. 16, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SEES! Z.

- Ivwvefltmc' M W M G. L. BADGER. PNEUMATIC SURPAGING MACHINE.

-APPLIGATION FILED FEB. 8, 1907. 940,297.

Patented Nov. 16, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

ANDREW a 01mm 00., PNOYO-LIMOGRAPHERS, WASNlNGTDN. D. c.

, the operator GEORGE L, BADGER, OF QUINCY, MASSACHUSETTS.

PNEUMATIC SURFACING-MAGI-IINE.

Specification of Letters IPatent.

Patented Nov. 16, 1909.

Application filed February 8, 1907. Serial No. 356,330.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE L. BADGER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Quincy, county of Norfolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Pneumatic Surfaciug-ltlachines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for surfacing or dressing stone or similar material, being especially applicable to the use of pneumatic impact-tools.

T he principal objects of the invention are to provide means for the adjustment of the impact-tool by the operator with relation to the work without stopping the operation of the machine; to maintain the working-tool, when not in operation, or in contact with the work, in a fixed position in the i1npact-tool; to provide means whereby working-tools irrespective of their weight may rebound quickly from the work after the impact blow; to facilitate the maintenance of the working-tool in a position in the impact-tool when in operation to receive the most effective blow of the piston; to dress surfaces lying in several different planes at one setting of the stone and to operate the impacttool at an acute angle to the plane of the desired surface.

Heretofore in machines of this class, it has been the usual practice to provide a working-tool which fits loosely in the impact-tool, when resting on the work, that rebounds therein more or less after the impact-blow. The weight of the impact-tool is sustained by a tool-carrier, and does not rest on the work-tool. The normal rearward position of the working-tool in the impact-tool is adjusted therein by raising or lowering the carrier of the impact-tool with relation to a column or support by means of a windlass or winch, and the tool-carrier cannot be moved over the surface of the work unless the workingtool rebounds sufliciently to clear the inequalities of the rough surface. For this reason, comparatively light working-tools must be used which will rebound freely. In order to accomplish the best results, the machine is usually first adjusted so that the working-tool is in th proper position to cut on the higher portions of the surface. Vhen these portions are roughed off, must stop the machine and lower the tool-carrier to another position and rough the stone to a second level, and repeat the operation until the desired level is reached. There are usually depressions in the rough surface of the stone into which the work-tool drops when moving it about, and this allows the piston of the impact-tool to travel too far and strikes the forward head of the impact-tool, bringing undue strain on the heads and clamp bolts. Unless the working-tool rebounds very freely from these depressions, the machine must be stopped, and the working-tool lifted by the operator and moved with the tool-carrier to the higher portions. With stone of large area, this causes much delay, and the shanks of many working-tools are broken in operation by the impact of the piston thereon, when bearing against the side of a depression while the operator is trying to force the working-tool out of the same rather than to stop the operation of the machine. The principle of these machines has been to cut or rather to pound upon the stone at right angles to the plane of the desired surface or level, and dull working-tools are frequently used in preference to sharp ones, in order to avoid the tendency of the latter to catch in any depressions and prevent the free movement of the tool-carrier over the surface. Dull working-tools bruise or stun the surface of the stone to a considerable depth, which is undesirable, and likely to cause particles to flake off after exposure to the weather.

To overcome the objections above stated, I have provided a machine in which the weight of the impact-tool does not ordinarily bear on the working-tool, having the usual windlass or winch for adjusting the toolcarrier with relation to the support and the work, and also an additional or handle adjustment which is immediately under the control of the operator. This handle adjustment has a range sufficient for the inequalities of the ordinary surface, so that the position of the impact-tool and working-tool with relation to the work may be changed at any time as the inequalities of the surface require without stopping the operation of the machine.

I also provide a supporting-device which engages and prevents the working tool dropping from the impact-tool or dropping into any depressions when being moved over the surface, but that does not prevent the piston driving the working-tool forward into contact with the work. The supporting-device insures the positive rebounding of the working-tool after the blow of the piston whether the working-tool is light or heavy, and it can thus be made sufliciently large to prevent the breakage of the shank. The supporting-device also forms a guide that enables the operator to readily adjust the position of the impact-tool in relation to the work to strike the most effective blow on the working-tool and prevent the pounding of the cylinder heads by the piston. It is not necessary to first rough off the higher portions of the surface as a whole, as owing to the convenience of adjustment, any portion of the surface may be roughly dressed nearly to the desired level, and the balance surfaced in sections as convenient, saving much time that would be consumed if necessary to move the tool over the whole surface repeatedly.

Sharp working-tools may be used, increas ing the capacity of the machine, and when nearing the desired level, a sharp workingtool for roughing purposes, which covers a comparatively large area. of the surface, may be used, which by means of the supportingdevice rebounds as may be desired. The large area of surface covered by the tool prevents its cutting below the desired level, while the sharp edges or points lessen the danger of stunning or bruising the surface.

I have provided swivel means enabling the impact-tool to be adjusted and moved to and from the work at an acute angle to a level or horizontal surface in any direction, so that the machine may be used to dress the slanting surfaces of a stone, such as washes with one setting or leveling of the stone, which for the usual machine requires to be rehan dled and leveled several times, and the impact-tool maintained perpendicular to the several planes in roughing and finishing.

By the combination of the controllable handle adjustment and the supportingdevice, I am enabled to rough off a surface to the desired level with the impact-tool and working-tool at an acute angle thereto. which is an important feature and the most effective method of operating a cutting or chipping tool. The principle heretofore employed in these machines of pounding vertically upon a surface depends for its success upon the liability of the material to break or chip off from the impact of a direct clownward blow on a point or chisel, and this method does not take advantage of the natural features of the rift and grain of the material, as is the case when such material is cut by hand. If a chisel or point were struck directly downward upon a stone by hand, very little material would be removed compared to the amount that is removed when a chisel or point is applied and struck at the base of a projection. The natural cleavage of the material breaks 0E portions in advance of'the cutting edge or point, and by varying the angle and position of his point or chisel, the workman utilizes this inherent feature to carry along a certain depth of cut. The same principle holds good as applied to power operated tools, and so far as I am aware, I am the first to employ the principle in this manner.

The operation. in my machine is almost identical with the operation of the hand workman. The cutting-tool is held against the work in a flexible manner when the blow is delivered, and the tool is carried along at the base of the cut driving or cleaving off the bunches before it. The angles may be varied to take the most advantage of the cleavage of the material, and the tool is worked from several positions.

In using the weighing tools commonly termed four points in one of these machines at an acute angle to a level surface, I carry along two cuts at different levels, separated more or less, depending on the size and construction of the working-tool, and I thereby accomplish more work than is possible when striking directly down on a tool of this kind, and also avoid the tendency of the tool to bruise or stun the surface.

The invention will now be fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the novel features are pointed out and clearly defined in the claims at the close of the specification.

In the drawings,-Figure l is a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a ground plan. Fig. 3 is a side view showing the impact-tool swiveled in two directions from the position shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional detail of the clamping-device shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detail elevation partly in section of a moditication of the supporting-device shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a plan view of Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings,-the machine is provided with a support 1, having a base 1. A saddle 2 is mounted to swing freely on the support and its vertical adjustment on the support 1 effected by the winch 3 and the swivel sheave 4:. The winch 3 is supported and the shaft 3 turns in bearings 52, 2, extending from the saddle 2. A crank-handle 3 is provided. and a ratchet 3 and pawl 3. The rope 3 from the drum of the winch 3 passes over the swivel sheave 4t and is fastened to the saddle at 2 The pawl 8 serves to lock the saddle 2 to any height, and must be thrown out of engagement with the ratchet 3* to lower the saddle on the support 1. The saddle 2 carries the four sheaves or rollers 2 which :urn freely on the bearing bolts 2 The rollers 2 are grooved to receive the traveling its weight being sustained bar 5 of the toolcarrier, and permit the free longitudinal movement thereof with relation to the support 1, while with the saddle 2, it may be swung about the support 1, and its elevation adjusted by the winch 3. The rollers 2 serve to maintain the tool-carrier in fixed angular relation to a vertical plane passing longitudinally through the tool-carrier. An impact-tool having a cylinder (3 is adjnstably secured to the tool-carrier to permit vertical adjustment thereof with relation to the tool-carrier. The bolts 6 6 of the impact-tool bind the clamp-plates 6, 6, and hold the heads 6 S in assembled position on the cylinder 6. The bow shaped arms 5?. 5 of the tool-carrier are provided with guide tubes 5, 5 in which the bolts 6, (3, of the i1npacttool slide freely, the motion being limited by the plates 6, 6 abutting on the guide tubes 5, 5. An angle piece A of the tool-carrier has a leg 5 which answers for one half of a horizontal swivel, bearing on a swivel plate 5 which may be connected by bolts as shown to the bar 5 The leg 5 turns on the bolt 5 and a removable pin 5 fits the holes 5 registering respectively in the swivel parts 5, 5 and when so desired serves to lock the swivel from motion when in either of the positions shown in Figs. 2 and 3, or the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. i. The plate 5, to which the bow shaped arms 5% 5 are secured, turns against the vertical leg 5 of the angle piece A, turning on the bolt 5 it second bolt 5 in the upper part of the leg 5 passes through a curved slot in the quadrant arm 5 of the plate 5 and when so desired serves to lock the vertical swivel in any desired position. Suitable friction plates 5 are used in the horizontal and vertical swivels. In Fig. 3, the swivel is shown locked to an angle of 4:5". The angle may be increased if desired by increasing the length of the curved arm 5 hen the angle of the inpact-tool as shown in Fig. 3 at to by removing the pin 5 and turning the swivel 5 the three slanting surfaces 1 1, 1 1%, of the stone 14, which are respectively at a 15 angle to the top or bed of the stone, may be cut and finished with the impact-tool at right angles thereto without changing the swivel adjustment of the quadrant arm 5 The pin 5 may be inserted to lock the swivel in these positions, and the rough portion of the bed 146 may be worked off in the direction shown in Fig. 3, or in the opposite direction, or by dispensing with the pin 5 in any intermediate position by turning the swivel 5 by means of the handle 7 while the machine is in 013%fitl011. This is especially convenient in working small surfaces which should be roughed away from rather than toward the edges of the stone.

It would not be practical to dress the su" faces l t, 1%, d r unless another motion I passing longitudinally l i l 1 1 than the vertical adjustment of the tool-carrier on the support were provided, and I have, therefore, provided for a motion of the impact-tool as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 either vertically or at an acute angle to and'from the surface of the work.

A. support 5 is secured to the plate 5, and a swinging arm is pivotally secured thereto and to the legs 7, 7 of a handle 7 which is pivotally secured by a bolt 7 to the support 6 of the clamp plate 6, the legs 7, 7* of the handle passing between the bolts (3, G", and the body of the impact-tool, which is thus raised when the handle 7 is lifted, the bolts 6, 6 sliding in the guide tubes 5 5. The bolt 7 is extended to serve as a pivot support for the bell crank lever 8.

A. rack e on the bow shaped arm 5 and an engaging dog 8 which meshes in the teeth of the rack 5 serve to lock the impacttool to present longitudinal movement when so desired. A support 7 on the handle 7 is pivotally connected with a lever handle 8", the latter being also pivotally connected to the bell crank lever S at S hen the lever handle 8" is pressed down, it serves to disengage the,dog 8 from the teeth of the rack 5 and the impact-tool may be freely moved by the handle 7 to and from the work in relation to the tool-carrier. A spring 8 normally serves to keep the dog 8 in en gagement with the rack and prevent the impact tool resting on the working-tool when the latter is in contact with the work, and by changing the adjustment of the engaging dog 8 in the rack 5 or disengaging the same which may be done while the machine is in operation, the impact-tool may be maintained in a fixed forward relation to the working-tool while the latter is moved to different levels or inequalities of the surface.

In order to facilitate the maintenance of the relative adjustment of working-tool and impact-tool, and to broaden the scope and adaptability of the machine as a whole, i. provide a yielding supporting device for the working-tool connected with the impact-tool one end of the supporting-d vice being adapted to be moved into and out of a plane through the axis of the impact-tool to e: gage and release the working-tool. In its simplest form, this may consist of a spring arm which loosely engages the working-tool, and that may be quickly assembled with and disconnected from the working-tool, in order to permit the dulled tools to be quickly exchanged for sharp ones.

In Fig. 1, the clamp plate 6 has an exte sion piece 6 and a clamping-deuce 10 at the end thereof clamps the end of a spring 9 to the part 6. The opposite end of the spring 9 is forked and surrounds the working-tool 11 on three sides, bear'ng against a collar or projection 11 on the working-tool 11 and retaining' the same in the cylinder 6. aperture of the forked opening of the spring 9 may be wide enough to clear the corners of the working-tool 11 to permit the same to rotate, as shown in the modification Fig. 6, in which the aperture in the spring is at right angles to that in Figs. 1 and or the aperture may fit the sides of the workingtool closely, as in F 3, to prevent the tool from turning and hold the cutting: points or a single edge or chisel which. migl'it be employed at the base of the cut or chip being removed, when worxinn atan angle as shown in Fig. 3. The clamping-device 10, 15 as shown in Fig. 4, consists of a body 10, a camroller 10 with a handle 10 that is free to turn on the bolt 10, which is arranged eccentrically to the cam-roller l0", and when the latter is moved to the position shown in Fig. 1, it grips the spring 9 and the piece .6 tightly together, the cam being thrown by the center to lock the same in adjusted position. Vhen the cam -handle 10 is thrown back, the spring; 9 may be moved out of engagement with the WOllilllQ-tOOl 11 and a new working-tool inserted in its place in the cylinder, and the spring again pushed forward and clamped to the (3 piece.

In the modification shown in F 5 and 6, a suitable friction-plate 10 is placed b tween the spring 9 and the 6 piece, and the tension regulated by the bolt 10 to normally retain the spring 9 in engagement with the working-tool 11, but permitting the spring to be swung out of engagement therewith to exchange WOIlilllgdTOOlS. An adjustable stop (S in the clamp-plate 6 provided to bear against the spring 9, as shown in Fig. 1, to limit its rearward movement so that it does not press the collar ll of the workingtool against the end 6 of the impact-tool.

To adjust the machine, working-tool is inserted, and the tool-carrier is lowered until the workin g tool is nearly in contact with the work. If lowered too far, the collar ll will not rest on the spring 9, and the proper adjustment may be effected by moving the tools so that the dog 8 will engage one or more teeth forward. hen the blow is struck by the piston, the spring allows the working-tool to move forward more or less,

whether or not the working-tool is in contact with the work, and will return the workingtool after the blow is struck to or beyond its former position. The space between the rear of the collar 11 and the end 6 of the impact-tool (see F 3) allows the workingtool 11, when it rebounds, to enter the cylinder beyond its normally supported posi tion on the rearward stroke of the piston, being limited by the rear of the collar 11.

The hose nipple 12, see Fig. l, is adapted to be connected with a source of fluid pressure supply (not shown) to operate the im pact-to0l.

lhe

l I I I l I I When the impact-tool is swiveled to the position shown in Fig. 3, the cutting points of the roughing tool 11 bear on different levels of the surface of the stone let. The operator holds the cutting-tool to the work by the handle 7. The spring 9 maintains the normal position of the working-tool practically at the level desired, and the cutting points or the edge of a chisel which could be used in place thereof, work at the bottom of the cut or chip being removed, driving or cleaving the same off before it.

W hen the surface is to be finished with so-called bushing-tools, the impact-tool may be readjusted to a right angle to the plane of the desired surface, and moved over the same by means of the handle 7 as described, either for horizontal or slanting surfaces. In case the drop of a slanting surface is greater than the range of the handle adjustment, the adjustment of the tool-carrier on the support may be varied as necessar or the surface set nearer a level, as may be more convenient in order to dress the same.

It will be seen that the apparatus is adapted for a wide range of work. As hereinbefore described for certain classes of work the impact-tool can be locked or retained in fixed angular relation to the surface of the work by the removable pin 5 and the bolt Tr so that the tool may be either at a right angle to the surface or in a plane at an acute angle to the surface of the work. Tl 1e tool is always under the immediate con trol of the operator. By moving the handle 7 the tool may be moved over the surface of the work in any direction, and the angular adjustment of the tool may be varied so that the working-tool will be held at varying angles to the surface of the work and may be moved toward and away from the surface of the work either in a vertical plane or in a plane at an acute angle while the ap j :ratus is in operation. If the tool is in a vertical plane passing longitudinally through the tool-carrier and the handle 7 is given a rotating or twisting motion. in one direction, the impact-tool will be placed at i an angle to said plane and the working-tool will. be at one or the other side of the plane according to the direction in which the handle is moved. If the handle is moved so that the impact-tool is at one or the other side of said vertical plane, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, and the handle is given a rotating or twisting motion,.the angular position of the tool will be varied "l relation to a vertical plane at right to said first mentioned vertical plane and the angular adjustment of the tool in a forward or backward direction will be varied according to the direction in which the andle is rotated. It will be seen that by the movement of the handle, the angular relation of the tool to a horizontal plane may be varied, or that the angular relation of the tool to a vertical plane may be varied, while the angular relation of the tool to the horizontal plane is maintained, and at the same time the tool may be moved over the surface of the work and be moved toward and away from the surface of the work while the machine is in operation.

I am aware that it is not new to provide means for moving an impact-tool over the surface of the work or to provide means for moving the tool toward and away from the surface of the work in a plane at an acute angle to said surface, or to provide means for varying the angular adjustment of the tool with relation to the work, but so far as I am aware I am the first to provide means adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby all of these movements may be simultaneously obtained while the apparatus is in operation, thereby increasing the range and adaptability of apparatus of this character for different kinds of work and enabling it to be operated in a novel manner.

It will be understood that the movement of the supporting-device referred to in the specification and claims relates to the impact-tool when the device is in assembled relation therewith and also when the working tool is in assembled position.

I claim my invention:

1. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto, a tool-carrier through which said bolts pass and slide freely and means pivotally connected with the tool and toolcarrier to move the tool longitudinally of its axis.

In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto, a tool-carrier having bowshaped arms through which said bolts pass and slide freely and means pivotally connected with the tool and toolcarrier to move the tool longitudinally of its axis.

3. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto, a tool-carrier provided with guide-tubes through which said bolts pass and slide freely and means pivotally connected with the tool and tool-carrier to move 'the tool longitudinally of its axis.

-l. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including clamp- :lates secured thereto by bolts, a tool-carrier through which said bolts pass and slide freely and means pivotally connected with the tool and tool-carrier to move the tool back and forth longitudinally of its axis.

5. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including bolts secared thereto, a tool-carrier through which said bolts pass and slide freely and means pivotally connected with the tool and toolcarrier to move the tool with relation to the tool-carrier and means to normally retain the tool in adjusted position.

6. in apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto and a cylinder and piston, the cylinder having heads which are held in assembled relation therewith by the bolts, a tool-carrier through which said bolts pass and slide freely and means pivotally connected with the tool and tool-carrier to move the tool longitudinally of its axis.

7. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto, means for supporting the tool, through which said bolts pass and slide freely and means pivotally connected with the tool to move the tool longitudinally of its axis.

8. ln apparatus of the character described, a support, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto, a tool-carrier through which said bolts pass and slide freely and means pivotally connected with the tool and tool-carrier to move the tool toward and away from the surface of the work.

9. In apparatus of the character described, a support, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto, a tool-carrier through which said bolts pass and slide freely, said tool-carrier bei vertically adjustable with relation to the support, and means pivotally connected with the tool and tOOl'CtM'IlBI' to move the tool toward and away from the surface of the work.

10. In apparatus of the character described, a support, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto, a tool-carrier through which said bolts pass and slide freely, said tool-carrier being free to move longitudinally with relation to the support and means pivotally connected with the tool and toolcarrier to move the tool toward and away from the surface of the work.

11. In apparatus of the character described, a support, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto, a tool'carrier through which said bolts pass and slide freely, said tool-carrier being free to move longitudinally with relation to the support and vertically adjustable with relation to the support, and means pivotally connected with the tool and tool-carrier to move the tool toward and away from the surface of the work.

12. In apparatus of the character described, a tool-carrier having apertures tl'ierein, an impact-tool having removable members secured thereto which pass through said apertures in the tool-carrier and slide freely, and means pivotally connected with the tool and tool-carrier to move the tool toward and away from the work.

13. In apparatus of the character described, a support, a tool-carrier having apertures therein, an impact-tool having removable members secured thereto which pass through said apertures in the tool-carrier and slide freely, said tool-carrier being free to move longitudinally with relation to the support, and means pivotally connected with the tool and tool-carrier to move the tool toward and away from the surface of the work 14-. In apparatus of the character described, a support, a tool-carrier having apertures therein, an impact-tool having removable members secured thereto which pass through said apertures in the tool-carrier and slide freely, said tool-carrier being free to move longitudinally with relation to the support, and vertically adjustable with relation to the support, and means pivotally connected with the tool and tool-carrier to move the tool toward and away from the surface of the work.

15. In apparatus of the character described, a support, a tool-carrier having apertures therein, an impact-tool having removable members secured thereto which pass through said apertures in the tool-carrier and slide freely, said tool-carrier being free to move longitudinally with relation to the support, means connected with the tool to move it longitudinally of its axis and means to normally retain the tool in adjusted position with relation to the tool-carrier.

16. In apparatus of the character described, a support, a tool-carried vertically adjustable with relation to the support, an impacttool having removable members secured thereto which pass through the toolcarrier and slide freely, said tool-carrier being free to move longitudinally toward and away from the support, means for vertically adjusting the tool-carrier with relation to the support and means connected to the tool to move it longitudinally of its axis toward and away from the surface of the work.

17. In apparatus of the character described, a support, a tool-carrier, vertically adjustable with relation to the support, an impact-tool having removable members secured thereto which pass through the tool.- carrier and slide freely, said tool-carrier being free to move longitudinally toward and away from the support, means for vertically adjusting the tool-carrier with relation to the support, means connected to the tool adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the tool may be moved toward and away from the support and whereby the tool may be moved longitudinally of its axis with relation to the tool-carrier toward and away from the surface of the work.

18. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool, a support, a toolcarrier vertically adjustable with relation to the support, said tool-carrier being free to move toward and away from the support,

means for vertically adjusting the tool-car rier with relation to the support, said impact-tool being adjustably mounted on the tool-carrier, the tool being free to slide 1011- gitudinally of its axis, means connected to the tool adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the tool may be moved toward and away from the support and whereby the tool may be moved longitudinally of its axis with relation to the tool-carrier toward and away from the surface of the work.

19. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool, a support, a toolcarrier vertically adjustable with relation to the support, said tool-carrier being free to move toward and away from the support, means for vertically adjusting the tool-carrier with relation to the support, said impact-tool being adjustably mounted on the tcolcarrier, the tool being free to slide longitudinally of its axis, means connected to the tool adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the tool may be moved toward and away from the support and whereby the tool may be moved longitudinally of its aXis with relation to the tool-carrier toward and away from the surface of the work, and means to normally retain the tool in adjusted position with relation to the toolcarrier.

20.111 apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool, a support, a toolcarrier vertically adjustable with relation to the support, said tool-carrier being free to move toward and away from the support, means for vertically adjusting the tool-carrier with relation to the support, said impact-tool being adjustably mounted on the tool-carrier and free to swivel with relation thereto, the tool being also free to slide longitudinally of its axis, means connected to the tool adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the tool may be moved toward and away from the support and whereby the tool may be moved longitudinally of its axis with relation to the tool-carrier and whereby the angular adjustment of the tool with relation to the tool-carrier may be varied.

21. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool, a support, a toolcarrier vertically adjustable with relation to the support, said tool-carrier being free to move toward and away from the support, means for vertically adjusting the tool-carrier with relation to the support, said im pact-tool being adjustably mounted on the tool-carrier and free to swivel with relation thereto, the tool being also free to slide 1011- gitudinally of its axis, means connected to the tool adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the tool may be moved toward and away from the support and whereby the tool may be moved longitudinally of its axis with relation to the tool-carrier and whereby the tool may be adjusted at an acute angle to the surface of the work, and be moved transversely on the tool-carrier to vary the angular adjustment of the tool in a forward and backward direction with relation to the work.

22. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool, a support, a toolcarrier vertically adjustable with relation to the support, said tool-carrier being free to move toward and away from the support, means for vertically adjusting the tool-carrier with relation to the support said impact-tool being adjustably mounted on the tool-carrier and free to swivel with relation thereto, the tool being also free to slide longitudinally of its axis, means pivotally connected to the tool adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the tool may be moved over the surface of the work and the angular adj ustmcnt of the tool varied and whereby the toe-l may be moved longitudinally of its axis with relation to the tool-carrier toward and away from the surface of the work.

23. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including bolts secured thereto, a tool-carrier through which said bolts pass and slide freely and means pivotally connected with the tool and toolcarrier to move the tool with relation to the tool-carrier and means to normally retain the tool in adjusted position, each of said means being under the immediate control of the operator.

2%. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool, means adapted to normally support the weight of the working-tool when the latter is not in contact with the work, said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool and loosely engage the work ing-tool and to be moved wholly out of said plane to release the working-tool from the cylinder and when in the former position to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston.

In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool, means adapted to directly engage the working-tool and normally support the weight of the latter when not in contact with the work, said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to loosely engage the working-tool and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool and when in the former position to allow the workingtool to move forward when struck by the piston and move the working-tool rearward after it is struck by the piston.

26. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, atool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool, means adapted to loosely engage the working-tool and normally support the weight of the latter when not in contact with the work, said means being adapted to allow the workingtool to move forward when struck by the piston, said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impacttool to retain the shank of the working-tool in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool from the cylinder.

27. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool, means projecting at an angle to the working-tool adapted to engage the latter and support its weight, said means being adapted to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston, said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to retain the shank of the working-tool in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-teol from the cylinder.

28. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool, a supporting-device adapted to normally sustain the weight of the working-tool, said device being adapted to be m ved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to retain the shank of the working-tool in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool from the cylinder and when in the former position to allow the workingtool to move forward when struck by the piston.

29. In apparatus of the character de scribed, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured a working-tool, a supporting-device adapted to directly engage the working-tool and normally sustain the weight of the latter, said device being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the inipact-tool to retain the shank of the working tool in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool from the cylinder and when in the former position to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston and to move the working-tool rearward after it is struck by the piston.

30. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a workin -tool, a supporting-device having one end adapted to loosely engage the working-tool and normally sustain the weight of the latter, said device being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing lon "udinally through the axis of the impact-tool to retain the shank of the working-tool in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane so that it is wholly out of engagement with the working-tool and when in the former position to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston.

31. in apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool, a supporting-device projecting at an angle to the working-tool and adapted to engage the latter and normally sustain its weight, said device being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the impact-tool at one side of its longitudinal axis and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool from the cylinder and when in the former position to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston.

In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool incl uding a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool, a supporting-device adjustable with relation to the impact tool and having one end adapted. to engage the working-tool and normally sustain the weight of the latter, said device being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the inmact-tool at one side of its longitudinal axis and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool from and when in the former position to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston.

33.111 apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which 5 the tool secured, said tool-carrier being the tool is secured, a working-tool, a supporting-device adapted to normally support the weight of the working-tool when the latter is not in contact with the work. and t to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the adapted to be moved so that it is wholly out of engagement with the workingtool and the latter is free the cylinder.

the cylinder 5 piston said device being l l l l l y l to drop out of the end of 4 34.111 apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a. working-tool, a supporting-device adapted to directly engage the working-tool and normally support the weight of the latter when it is not in contact with the work, and to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston and to move the working-tool rearward after it is struck by the piston said device being adapted to be moved transversely to the axis of the impact-tool so that it is wholly out of engagement with the working-tool and the latter is free to drop out of the end of the cylinder.

In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a. support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool provided with a shank adapted to be struck by the piston, a supporting-device adapted to loosely engage the working-tool and nor mally support the weight of the latter when it is not in contact with the work, so that the shank of the working-tool is retained in the end of the cylinder, said device being adapted to be moved transversely to the aXis of the impact-toolso that the shank of the working-tool will be free to drop out ofthe end of the cylinder.

In apparatus of the character deand piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool a supporting-device comprising a spring arm projecting at an angle to the workingtool and adapted to engage the latter and normally support its weight, one end of said arm being adapted to be moved into and out of a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool.

87. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, a working-tool, a supporting-device having one end adapted to engage the working-tool and normally support its weight, said end of the supporting device being adapted to be moved into and 38.111 apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support. a tool-carr1er to which adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a workingtool, means adapted to normally support the working-tool above the surface of the work in position to receive the most effective blow of the piston, and to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to loosely engage the working-tool and to be moved wholly out of said plane to disengage the working-tool.

39. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston. a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained atany desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool, means adapted to directly engage the working-tool and normally support it above the surface of the work, and to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to loosely engage the working-tool and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool.

40. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool, means adapted to loosely engage the working-tool and normally support it above the surface of the work, said means being adapted to allow the working-tool to move forward when struck by the piston and move it rearward beyond its normally supported position after it is struck by the piston, said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to en.- gage the working-tool and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool.

ll. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adj ustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool provided with a shank projecting into the end of the cylinder, means adapted to engage the working-tool and normally support it above the surface of the work, said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool and loosely engage the working-tool and to be moved out of said plane to allow said shank to drop out of the end of the cylinder.

42. In apparatus of the character de scribed, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adj ustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired dis tance above the surface of the work, a shank projecting into the end of the cylinder, means adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to retain the shank in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane and release the shank from the cylinder.

4&3. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool provided with a shank projecting into the cylinder, means adapted to directly engage the working-tool and normally support it above the surface of the work, and to allow the working-tool to move forward into contact with the work when struck by the piston and to move it rearward after being struck by the piston, said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to retain the shank in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane and release the shank from the cylinder.

44. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool provided with a shank projecting into the cylinder, means projecting at an angle to the working-tool adapted to engage the latter and normally support it above the surface of the work, said means being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to retain the shank in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane and release the shank from the cylinder.

45. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool, a supporting-device adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impacttool so that one end of the device will engage and sustain the weight of the work ing-tool, said device being adapted to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool.

In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool, a supporting-device adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impacttool so that one end will directly engage and normally sustain the weight of the workingtool, said device being also adapted to allow the workingtool to move forward a limited distance when struck by the piston, said device being also adapted to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool.

47. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any de sired distance above the surface of the work, a shank projecting into the cylinder adapted to receive the blows of the piston, a suppor ing-device adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis of the impact-tool to retain the shank in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane and release the shank from the cyl inder.

4-8. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adj ustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired dis tance above the surface of the work, a working-tool, a supporting-device projecting at an angle thereto and adapted to engage and normally sustain the weight of the workingtool, said device being also adapted to allow the working-tool to move forward a limited distance when struck by the piston, said device being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the impact-tool at one side of its axis to loosely engage the working-tool and to be moved out of said plane to release the working-tool from the cylinder.

49. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including av cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool, a supporting-device adjustably mounted with relation to the impacttool and adapted to engage and normally sustain the weight of the working-tool, said device being also. adapted to allow the working-tool to move forward a limited distance I when struck by the piston, said device being adapted to engage the working-tool and retain the shank in the cylinder when the device is moved to intersect a longitudinally through the impact-tool and to release the shank from the cylinder when moved out of said plane.

50. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the Work, a working-tool having a shank longitudinally movable in the cylinder, a supporting-device adapted to normally engage and sustain the weight of the working-to0l, one end of said device being longitudinally movable with relation to the impact-tool and adapted to allow the working-tool to move forward and engage the surface of the work when struck by the piston, and means arranged to limit the rearward movement of said supporting-device before the workingtool reaches the limit of its rearward move ment.

51. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said toolcarrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the toolcarrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool having a shank longitudinally movable in the cylinder, a supportingdevice adapted to normally engage and sustain the weight of the working-tool, one end of said device being longitudinally mo\'- able with relation to the impact-tool. and adapted to allow the working-tool to move forward and engage the surface of the work when struck by the piston and to move the working-tool rearward after it is struck by the piston and means arranged to limit the rearward movement of said supporting-device before the working-tool reaches the limit of its rearward movement.

52. In apparatus of the character described, an i1npacttool including av cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier to which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working tool having a shank longitudinally movable in the cylinder, asupporting-device projecting at an angle thereto, adapted to loosely engage the working-tooland normally sustain the weight of the latter, one

end of said device being longitudinally movable with relation tov the impact-tool and adapted to allow the working-tool to move.

plane passing Cir forward and engage the surface of the work when struck by the piston, said device being adapted to be moved to intersect a plane passing longitudinally through the axis or the impact-tool to retain said shank in the cylinder and to be moved out of said plane to release the shank from the cylinder and means arranged to limit the rearward movement of said supporting-device before the working-tool reaches the limit of its rearward movement.

53. In apparatus of the character described, an impacttool including a cylinder and piston, a'support, a tool-carrierto which the tool is secured, said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relationto the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be adjusted and maintained at any desired distance above the surface of the work, a working-tool having a shank longitudinally movable in the cylinder, a supporting-device projecting at an angle thereto, said device comprising a spring adapted to engage the workingtool, one'end of said arm being longitudinally movable with relation to the impact-tool and adapted to allow the working-tool to move forward with relation to the impact-tool, and means arranged to limit the rearward movement of said arm before the working-tool reaches the limit of its rearward movement.

54. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder a nd. piston, a support, a tool-carrier on which the impact-tool is adjustable, the tool being free to move longitudinally of its axis, said tool-carrier being vertically adjustable with relation to the support, means whereby the impact-tool is free to be moved toward and away from the support, a working-tool, means adapted to normally support the weight of the working-tool when the latter is not. in contact with the work, and means adapted to be grasped by the operator where by the impact-tool may be moved toward and away from the support over the surface of the work and whereby the impact-tool may be moved to and from the surface of the work independent of the movement of the tool-carrier.

in apparatus of the character described, an impacttool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier vertically adjustable with relation to the support, said tool-carrier being free to move toward and away from the support, means for vertically adjusting the tool-carrier with relation to the support, means whereby the angular adjustment of the tool with relation to the support may be varied, means whereby the tool is free to slide longitudinally of its axis, means adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the tool may be moved over the surface of the work and whereby the tool may be moved independent of the j movement of the tool-carrier to and from the work at an angle corresponding to the angular adjustment of the tool with j relation to the support, a working-tool fitting loosely into the end of the cylinder and means adapted to normally retain the working tool in position when it is not in coni tact with the work. i 56. In apparatus of the character dej scribed, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier on which the impact-tool is adjustably mounted, the tool. being free to move longitudinally of its axis, said tool-carrier being vertically adjustable with relation to the support, means whereby the tool-carrier may be vertically adjusted with relation to the work, means to normally retain the tool-carrier in adjusted position, means whereby the impact-tool is free to be moved toward and away from the support, a working-tool, means adapted to normally support the weight of the workingtool when the latter is not in contact with the work, and means adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the impact-tool may be moved toward and away from the support over the surface of the work and whereby the impact-tool may be moved to and from the surface of the work independent of the movement of the tool-carrier.

57. In apparatus of the characterv described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, atool-carrier on which the impact-tool is adjustably mounted, the tool being free to swivel with relation to the tool-carrier and also free to slide longitudinally of its axis, said tool-carrier being vertically adjustable with relation to the support, means whereby the impact-tool is free to be moved toward and away from tl e support, a working-tool, means adapted to normally support the weight of the working-tool when the latter is not in contact with the work, and means adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the angular adjustment of the impact-tool may be varied and may be moved toward and away from the support over the surface of the work and whereby the impact-tool may be moved to and from the surface of the work independent of the movement of the toolcarrier.

58. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier on which the impact-tool is adjustably mounted, the tool being free to move longitudinally of its axis said tool-carrier being adjustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the impact-tool is free to be moved toward and away from the support, a working-tool, means adapted to normally support the weight of the working-tool when the latter is not in contact with the work and means pivotally connected to the impact-tool adapted tobe grasped by the operator whereby the impact-tool may be moved over the surface of the work and whereby the impacttool and the working-tool may be moved away from the surface of the work inclependent of the movement of the tool-carrier.

In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier on which the impacttool is adjustably mounted, the tool being free to swivel with relation to the tool-carrier and also free to slide longitudinally of its axis said tool-carrier being adj ustably mounted with relation to the support, means whereby the impact-tool is free to be moved toward and away from the support, a working-tool, means adapted to normally support the weight of the workingtool when the latter is not in contact with the work and means pivotally connected to the impact-tool adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the angu ar adjustment of the impact-tool may be varied and whereby the impact-tool and the workingtool may be moved to and from the work in a plane at an acute angle to the surface of the work.

60. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier on which the impact-tool is adjustably mounted, the tool being free to swivel with relation to the tool-carrier and also free to slide longitudinally of its axis, means adapted to be grasped by the operator whereby the angular adjustment may be varied and whereby the tool may be adjusted vertically with relation to the work, means adapted to positively retain the vertical adjustment of the tool, said last mentioned means being under the immediate control of the operator when the machine is in operation.

61. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier on which the impact-tool is adjustably mounted, the tool being free to slide longitudinally of its axis, means pivotally connected with the tool and projecting at an angle thereto adapted to be grasped by the operator and be moved toward and away from the surface of the work, whereby the tool will be adjusted vertically with relation to the work, means justment of the tool, said last mentioned means "being under the immediate control of the operator when the machine is in opera tion.

62. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier on which the impact-tool is adj ustably mounted, the tool being free to slide longitudinally of its axis, a working-tool having a shank fitting loosely in the end of the cylindernneans adapted to loosely engage the working-tool and retain the shank in the cylinder, means pivotally connected with the impact-tool adapted to be grasped by the operator and be moved toward and away from the surface of the work whereby the impact-tool will be adjusted vertically with relation to the work, means adapted to positively retain the vertical adjustment of the tool, said last men tioned means being under the immediate control of the operator when the machine is in operation.

68. In apparatus of the character described, an impact-tool including a cylinder and piston, a support, a tool-carrier on which theimpact-tool is adjustably mounted, the tool being free to slide longitudinally of its axis, a working-tool having a shank longitudinally movable in the end of the cylinder, means adapted to normally support the weight of the working-tool when the latter is not in contact with the work, means projecting at an angle to the impact-tool adapted to be grasped by the operator and be moved toward and from the surface of the work whereby the impact-tool will be adjusted vertically with relation to the work, means adapted to positively retain the vertical adjustment of the tool, said means last mentioned being under the immediate control of the operator when the machine is in operation.

In testimony whereof I my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE L. BADGER.

lVitnesses JOHN H. DINEGAN, GEORGE H. FIELD. 

